Romans 10
Paul continues his focus on the Jewish people (Israel in the context) and their relationship to the Gospel and the Lord Jesus Christ. His prayer for them is for their salvation 1. The Jews are indeed zealous for God, but they failed to approach God through Christ 2-4. Their attempt at law-keeping and self righteousness falls short of God's standards 5. Righteousness before God comes from God on the basis of faith in Christ alone. This is open to everyone (both Jew and Gentile) as he states 'everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved' 13. Note: The simple call of God in the Gospel is recorded in 9-13. Have you responded in faith to Christ ? Paul then shows the necessity of proclaiming and sharing this message, for without its being made known, individuals will not be able to believe and be saved 14-15. For the Jewish nation, and all the privileges they had, they failed to believe God and take Him at His word 16-18. God would turn to the Gentile world that would gladly receive Christ and yet not give up on His OT covenant people 18-21. Note: God still has a place and plan for the Jewish people that will one day culminate in Jesus Christ (chapter 11 points to this). For us as believers, this chapter teachers both the necessity of proclaiming Christ and the responsibility of everyone to respond to the Gospel message. No one is excluded from the offer of salvation and everyone must make a personal choice to exercise faith in Christ or continue to reject Him. The choice is yours!

Romans 11
Paul answers the question 'is God through with Israel' (since they rejected their Messiah and now the focus is the Gentile world) ? The answer is 'by no means' or 'God forbid'. This was foreknown by God 2 and part of His plan. Paul shows that God has always had a faithful remnant in the midst of apostasy and unbelief 3-9. Their present rejection brings with it a judgment of God which includes a 'partial blindness to the truth' and a scattering of Jews worldwide. This is in keeping with what God had said would happen to His people as a result of sin and unbelief (see: Deuteronomy 28-30). The Jewish rejection resulted in the Gospel coming to the Gentile world and with it the blessings of God through Christ 11-12. Paul states very clearly that if their rejection and unbelief brought blessing to the world, how much more when they come to receive Christ as Lord and Savior 11-15. They are still a holy people to the Lord, though in unbelief 16. Note: This does not mean that they are saved by virtue of being Jewish - chapters 2-3 of Romans makes that clear - yet they are still a distinct and 'separate' people into the Lord. God has many OT promises that He intends to fulfill in relation to the Jewish people, not for their sakes, but for His own names' sake (see: Ezekiel 36-37). The Gentiles are not to boast against the Jews for they are grafted into the olive tree of God's planting (this is the analogy Paul uses in 17-24). Do not boast 'against the roots' ! Note: It is a sad commentary on any believer who looks down on the Jews as being 'cursed' or 'totally rejected by God'. We all do well to carefully read the words of Romans 11 and affirm, God is not through with national Israel as a whole or with the Jews in particular ! Paul says there is a 'mystery' (something previously unknown, but now revealed) that partial hardening has happened to the Jews until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in 25. All Israel (Jews) will be saved, when Jesus comes the second time 26-27 (see: Revelation 1:7, Zechariah 12:10-14; 14:1-21). God will show the Jews His abundant mercy and grace when HE restores them to Himself (just as He has shown to us who know and love Jesus Christ) 28-32 ! Paul breaks out into praise as He ponders the greatness of God; Who has one wonderful plan of salvation for the Jews and Gentiles through Jesus Christ. All will be fulfilled in and through Christ (including all the OT promises to Israel yet to be fulfilled). When HE brings this to pass our response will be one of praise and wonder for the greatness of God ! (All will be to the praise of the glory of His grace - AMEN and AMEN !)

Romans 7
This is a difficult chapter to understand and interpret. The reason being, is Paul speaking of the struggles of a believer or one who is not saved and in not in Christ ? The illustration of the law and marriage is clear, since is pictures what has happened to the believer who has died and has been raised. Thus, the believer is free from the law and its condemnation and regulations 1-6. This means we as believers have a new way of relating to the law, through Christ and the Holy Spirit 6. The Law is not bad, but good, righteous, and holy. The Law reveals sin 7-12. For the unsaved man, apart from Christ, all the law does is stir up more sin and is powerless to produce a righteousness in the life of those who try to live by its demands 13-23. In fact, the Law only results in more sin and failure, because we are sinful, by nature. Our bent is away from God 14-18. Even though we have a desire to do what is right, we can not do so, consistently or perfectly 19-23. This only leads to death 24. But, through Jesus Christ, the believer is free from the bondage of law, and  is able to serve in newness of life 25. Note: I do not fully understand the points Paul is making in this chapter. I leave this to your further study. I find it interesting that the Law, and the results it produces in one's life, is the focus of this chapter. We have already seen that Law keeping can not produce a righteousness from God (2:12-3:8). The Law stirs up sin in us 8,13. The law is not bad, but good, holy, and righteous 12. It reveals God's righteousness and His holy character. So if it only produces death in you and me, as I try to keep it, should I then stop trying ? The answer is in Jesus Christ who fulfills the Law's demands on my behalf and also enables me to live according to the Law by His indwelling and empowering presence (through the Holy Spirit). This is expounded in the following chapter (8). 

Romans 8
Therefore, there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus 1. This is true for all who by faith are in Christ. Jesus Christ met all the demands of the Law on my behalf 2-4. He also enables the believer (who lives according to the Spirit - in the context), to live a life of righteousness which is pleasing to God 5-11. This is a process in the believer's life and requires that one yield to the Lord and the promptings of the Spirit 12-14. The Holy Spirit is the One who assures us and enables us to call out to God as our ABBA, father 15-16. One day we will share in Christ's glory 17, which indicates a certain outcome and end result in our lives wrought by God 28-30. The present sufferings and struggles of this life and world are all part of God's bigger plan 18-25. Note: Believers in Jesus have a sure and certain hope; for the best is yet to come ! In the present, the Holy Spirit even helps us to pray 26-27. Note: Oh, how I need His help ! Because God's plan for His own our sure 28-30, we respond with a confidence and a sure hope that is not shaken by the accusations of others 31-33, nor lessen by the difficulties and hardships of life 34-35, nor is able to be taken from us regardless of what comes against us in this life 36-38. Nothing in all of creation is able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus 39 ! After reading this great crescendo of truth, how can we not but reply 'AMEN  and AMEN !' to God's saving work towards us in Christ ?

Romans 2
Those who consider themselves 'good' and not like those described in chapter 1 are also without excuse 1, because they do the same things (maybe not to the same extent) and face God's judgment which is based on (His) truth 2-6. Note: God is patient in not bringing His judgment. This should cause us to repent 4. Those who do not have the full 'revelation' of God's law but do what the law says, shows that God's law is written on every heart 7-16. God will judge each based in his or her response to God's revelation of Himself as known in creation (chapter 1:19-20), or conscience (2:14-16) or the cannon of the Scriptures (2:17-29). The point Paul makes is that everyone on some level and in some manner is guilty of fulfilling all that God would ask of us (ie. we are sinner. Sin means 'to miss the mark' and that is what all of us have done whether we have little or much knowledge of God and His will). Note: Paul seems to suggest that one could be acceptable by God and 'saved' by keeping the Law 6-10. We must keep in mind that God's 'standard' is perfection and that one sin makes one a sinner and unacceptable by God. Those who try their best and those who out in out reject God are both condemned. What about the Jews who had God's written revelation and Law. They boasted in that special relationship that God established with them as He covenant people thousands of years ago 17-20, 3:1-2. The problem for them was the trust that they placed in outward circumcision and rituals without a real heart for God 17-29. Note: God must rule in one's heart if one is to have a life and actions which are pleasing to the Lord. So being 'religious' and attempting to observe every God ordered rite and ritual is not how one can be acceptable before God either. Does this mean that being Jewish had no advantage ? Read on.

Romans 3
The Jews had the advantage of the full revelation of God as seen in His Law (word) 1-2. The problem was many failed to relate to God and His words on the basis of faith 3-4. An objection is countered in 5-8 that the Jewish rejection and lack of faith, though anticipated and known by God, does not exonerate them from guilt. The conclusion everyone is guilty before God and stands under His righteous and holy condemnation (wrath) 9-20. Notice the universal terms that are used in order to emphasize that there is no one who is righteous, not even one 9-10. Humanity is corrupt from the inside out;  in nature (our human nature) 10-12, in our words 13-14, and in our actions and attitudes 15-18. Thus all are guilty before God and stand condemned. That is is the 'bad news', but the Good News is that God has provided a righteousness from Himself to the sinner through faith in the work of Jesus Christ, who died in the place of and who took the penalty for the sinners 21-31 (see also: John 1:29,3:16-18; 1 John 2:1-2). This salvation is through His blood 25 which He shed on the cross. Its forgiving effect comes to all who, by faith, trust in the merits of His shed blood as the sacrifice for one's sins 22,24-26. One can not boast in this, because Jesus Christ met the demands of God's law on our behalf. The requirements of God's law are fulfilled and upheld by Christ on our behalf. 27-31. God law is not then void, but established 31.

Romans 4
One who is declared to be 'righteous' by God is no so by his/her works, but by the sacrificial work of Jesus Christ. This was always part of God plan and was seen in the Old Testament in Abraham  1-3 and David 4-8. Note: One can be 'right with God' only by faith (not works). Faith and works are mutually exclusive - thus, faith is not a work of man, but is a response any one is able to make towards the Lord Jesus Christ and the testimony of the Gospel. This blessing comes to both Jew and Gentile alike (as seen in the events of Abraham, the father of the Jewish nation) 9-14. Abraham is the 'model' of a person who has faith in God/Christ 15-20. God 'credits' to the account of the believer 'righteousness' 21-24. Thus, one is righteous is he/she is in Christ by faith. Verses 24-25 are key at this point. Jesus was delivered over to death for our sins and was raised to life for our justification. Both His death and resurrection are the basis of the believer's right standing before God, not of works, lest any man should boast !

Romans 5
A person is justified (declared to be righteous by God) by faith in Jesus Christ 1. Note: This simple, yet profound truth is the heart of the Good News of Jesus Christ. He, Himself made us acceptable to the Father. The blessings that come to the believer are many. Paul lists several here: peace, access to God, hope, love, and the Holy Spirit's presence 1-5. God acted to save sinners through Christ when we were at our worse. This shows His great love. Through Christ we are reconciled to God 6-11. The basis of the blessings is the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ on behalf of sinners 12-21. Physical death comes to all by virtue of our union with Adam as the head of the race. We all descended from him and have inherited the same (sinful) nature, thus we all incur the same penalty, which is death 12-14. The contrast is the gift of God through Christ, who died for sinners that we might live through Him 15-19. One must receive this gift by receiving Christ by faith 17. This is by God's grace (His unearned favor) 17b. Believer become righteous through Christ 19. God's Law revealed sin and actually stirred it up in us, but where sin increased, the grace of God increased all the more 20-21. Eternal life comes to all who believe in Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior. Note: Do you believe in Him who God has appointed to be the savior of the world ? The only way one can be right with God and saved for all eternity is through the finished work of Christ on the cross. This is the clear testimony of the New Testament and God's plan from the beginning !

Romans begins the section of the New Testament called the Epistles (letters) that the Apostle Paul and others wrote to both churches and individuals. These were recognized as 'inspired by the Holy Spirit' (2 Peter 1:20-22) and have the same authority as the rest of the Scriptures (2 Peter 3:15-16) At the start of this portion of Scripture stands the letter to the Romans. In this, Paul explains the Good News of Jesus Christ in the most comprehensive and logical manner. Justification by faith is the theme or how one can be right with God. Paul makes this clear that this comes to all who believe that through Jesus Christ all sin has been atoned for, by virtue of His sacrificial and substitutionary death and resurrection on behalf of sinners. As he states in 1:16-17 God's power of salvation is in the Gospel for all who will believe and the righteous will live by faith !

Key Verses: 1:16-17; 11:33-36

Theme: The Righteousness of God in the Gospel of His Grace through Jesus Christ

Suggested Outline (there are many available)

based on the main theme of each section
Introduction 1:1-17
SIN  1:18-3:20
SALVATION  3:21-5:21
SANCTIFICATION  6-8
SOVEREIGNTY  9-11
SERVICE  12-16

Acts 25
With arrival of Festus, the Jewish leaders waste no time in wanting Paul tired 1-2. They plot an ambush to kill him 3. Note: They kept their hate alive for over two years, so it is with any unrepentant, stubborn, unregenerate heart. Festus, first wants to hear the charges 4-7. Then Paul makes his defense 8-10. He points out that they have not real case 10 and then appeals to Caesar to be heard and judged by him 11. Since Paul was a Roman citizen, he had this right that would be enforced 12. Note: This would get Paul to Rome as the rest of Acts records. King Agrippa (of the Jews) was in town and Festus asks him to hear Paul's case, to see if there are any charges 27. Festus is dumbfounded as to why they are at odds in this case 17-20. Note: Even in Festus' unbelief he understood what Paul was asserting that Jesus, who was dead, is alive 19. He asks for Agrippa's help since Paul appealed to Caesar 20-22. The next day the trial before Agrippa takes place amid great pomp and showiness 23-27. What a captive audience Paul had in which to bear witness to Jesus Christ and His great salvation. Jesus words will come to pass as Paul speaks and is given what to say by The Father and The Spirit (Matthew 10:17-20).

Acts 26
Paul makes his defense before Agrippa and all those who are present 1-3. First is discounts the charges which the Jews made against him by showing his own life that had been radically transformed by an encounter with the living Christ 4-18. What a transformation indeed that happens to anyone who puts their faith in Christ alone for salvation as described in verse 18 ! Paul proved faithful to the Lord and His calling on his life 19. He preaches everywhere that God has fulfilled His promises made to Israel in the person and work of Jesus Christ 19-23. It is a call to repentance and faith in Christ 20. Festus can not take it and calls Paul mad and out of his mind 24. Paul is not flustered by this but remains respectfully and affirms the seriousness of the message 25. Paul appeals to King Agrippa to believe 26-27. He rebukes Paul for trying to persuade him in such a short time to be come a Christian 28. Paul's  desire was to see all of  them who hear him speak become just like him (a saved person); except for his chains (a little humor on his part) 29. Note: In essence Paul says take time if you need to, but come to Christ in faith. Sadly, Agrippa is the picture of a man 'who missed the opportunity of a lifetime'. You who are reading this words, should also consider the appeal made by the Scriptures here and turn by faith to Christ ! Do not miss the opportunity to believe and be saved ! They king and governor confer and rule that Paul has done nothing of death or imprisonment 30-31. His appeal to Caesar will be carried out 32 and Paul will get to Rome.

Acts 27
It was decided that Paul should be sent to Rome, Italy 1. He and Luke, and Aristarchus set out 1-2. At Sidon, Paul is given liberty and then again sets sail amidst uncertain weather 3-8. Paul warns them not to go at this late time in the season, but they refuse to listen 9-12. Note: Some decision are made in haste and cause great suffering later. A 'lull before the storm' is deceiving and they again set sail 13. Before long the storm comes and it is fierce 14-20. The detailed description indicates a first hand account of how bad it really was. Note: Storms in life, both natural and personal, can not be avoided and come to believers and unbelievers alike. No on is exempt. Paul is able to encourage them, because Paul had heard from the Lord and believed Him 21-26. God gave Paul the assurance that he would make it to Rome and that those on the ship would survive. Note: God's grace is seen in sparing the lives of these men. Would they realize this and turn to God in humble submission and praise ? After fourteen days of not eating, Paul encourages them to eat. He prays in their presence, without shame or fear. They eat all they desire 33-38. As the ship runs aground and is broken apart by the waves, all of the 276 aboard make it safely to land 36-44. This was in keeping with God's promise to Paul 24. Note: The darkness of a storm is captured in this chapter of God's Word; so is the hope of looking to Him !

Acts 28
They shipwreck on an island called Malta 1. The islanders show them kindness. It was raining and cold 2. Paul was gathering wood and is bitten by a deadly snake 3. They think that justice has 'caught up with him' 4-5. Paul is unharmed and they change their minds think he is a god 6. Note: Maybe this illustrates the promise of Jesus in Mark 16:18 ? Publius, a chief official invites Paul to his estate. Paul prays for his father and others who are sick and the Lord heals 7-9. They were supplied with what they needed to set sail 10. After three months (spring time ?) they set sail for Rome. After several stops they arrive in Rome 11-14. (What a trip !) Paul is allowed to be 'under house arrest' with a solder to guard him. The believers come to him 15-16. Paul calls for the leaders of the Jews to begin his defense against the charges that were made against him in Jerusalem 17-19. For the Hope of Israel he is bound with a chain 20. They (the Jews in Rome) have not had word about Paul and they are willing to hear him explain more about 'this sect' that is being spoken against 22. Paul takes an entire day and explains from the Scriptures both the kingdom of God and Jesus Christ 23. Some believe and others would not (refused to) 24. This was anticipated by the Lord through the prophet Isaiah. Paul quotes Isaiah 6:9-10 to show them their guilt before the Lord 26-27. God's salvation is sent to the Gentiles and they will listen 28-29. Note: This is still true today !  Paul remains under 'house arrest' for another two years and welcomes all as he continues to proclaim the kingdom of God and the Lord Jesus Christ 30-31. He may be limited and bound, but the Word of God is not bound. The book ends, but it is not the end; for the history of the Church is still being written, to this very day, as the Gospel is being proclaimed by His people worldwide and the Church of Jesus Christ continues to increase ! AMEN !

Acts 19
This chapter records Paul's ministry while he was in Ephesus. He first encounters a group of disciples (of John) who knew nothing of the Holy Spirit and His work in the believer 1-3. Paul declares to them Jesus, who they receive by faith and are baptized 4-5. He then lays hands on them and they receive the Holy Spirit with accompanying signs 5-7. Note: This event may teach us that even full fledged Gentiles receive the same gift of the Holy Spirit just as the Jewish believers and the 'God fearer' who receive Christ by faith. It also shows that when one walks in all the light he or she has, God will give them more light that leads to Christ ! Paul powerfully proclaims Christ in the synagogue and God does 'extraordinary miracles' through him 8-12. Note: This is descriptive of what God did and is not given to teach 'blessed handkerchiefs' among God's people. Those who know nothing of Christ, should not invoke His name in attempting to cast out demons as we see in 13-16. The Lord uses even this to bring fear to His name 17. Those who believed publicly burn the scrolls (books) they had used in sorcery 18-19. This shows a true transformation brought about by the Gospel and faith in Christ ! Note: Can a complete break with sin and public renunciation of sin cause the word of God to have even a more powerful impact on a community and people 20 ? Paul relates his plans to go to Jerusalem and then to Rome 21-22. A riot breaks out in Ephesus spurred on by Demetrius and the other idol makers 23-34. Note: The true of Jesus Christ will cause offense to those who worship false gods and idols. The Gospel, properly understood will show that all man made gods are no gods at all. There is absolutely no place for tolerance of 'other religions' in the light of God's Word and His Son, the Lord Jesus Christ ! Some people are part of the 'flash mob', not even knowing the reason for the uproar 32. When the town clerk calls them to account and to take this matter up legally, they soon dismiss 35-41. Paul and his companions did nothing for which the crowd was whipped into a frenzy 37. Note: Rumors and half truths have way of creating rash actions by many. Believers especially ought to exercise great care in our 'sound bite' and 'Internet viral' culture, lest we also get caught up in the spirit of the age and become pons in the hands of the enemy.

Acts 20
Paul continued his journey through Macedonia and Greece. Many other believers accompanied Paul on this trip, including Luke (one of the 'we' passages in the book) 1-6. Note: God uses many people in the accomplishment of His will, not merely those who are well known or prominent. Paul preaches so long that a man (Eutychus) falls from a window and is raised back up 7-12. Note: God's grace can be seen even in 'accidents'. Paul comes to Miletus and sends for the Ephesian elders to give them his farewell address 13-35. A very instructive passage as Paul recounts the ministry entrusted to him by the Lord. Note: We can learn as we follow Paul's model. Paul was totally 'sold out' to the Lord, even if it meant hardship and death 22-24. Note: I wonder if I can truly say the same thing in my walk with God ? Can you ? The elders were to shepherd and guard the flock of God for deceivers would infiltrate the church 28-31. Paul gives them a benediction and final parting words as he prays and then boards the ship 32-38. Note: Paul truly lived for Christ and the proclaiming of the Gospel 21,24.

Acts 21
Paul continues his trip back to Jerusalem1-6. He is warned not to go to Jerusalem 4. In Caesarea he meets up with Philip 7-9 and spends time with him. Agabus, a prophet dramatically tells of his arrest in Jerusalem 10-11. Paul is determined to go 12-14. Note: Was this warning for him 'not' to go or to let him 'know' what to expect ? When he arrives in Jerusalem, Paul meets with the leadership and reports all that God has been doing 17-20. He is asked to join some men in taking a vow to 'appease' some Jewish believers who feel he is preaching against Moses and the Law 20-25. He agrees to do this 26. When he is in the temple the Jews (not Christian Jews) recognize him and stir up the people against him with similar charges. They beat him and he is rescued by the Roman guards 27-36. They cry for his death 36, 22:22, much like these crowds did with Jesus (see: Luke 23:18, John 19:15). He asks to address the crowd and after questioning Paul the commander give him permission 37-40. Note: In the midst of all this drama, God is at working making His Son known as Paul will give testimony. Do I 'see' events in my life as opportunities to speak of Christ and what He has done in my life ?

Acts 22
In this chapter, Paul recounts his life as a persecutor of believers and how the Lord Jesus appeared to him 6-11. He tells of his conversion, baptism, and the forgiveness of His sins by the Lord 12-16. He tells of how the Lord warned him of rejection by the Jews, (the very ones who once supported him 19-20) 17-20. Paul then mentions the Lord's command to go to the Gentiles 21. This is too much for this Jewish crowd and they cry out for his death 22-23. Paul is ordered to be flogged by the Romans, to which he appears to his 'rights' under Roman Law 24-29. Paul then appears before the Sanhedrin, with the Roman officials present 30. Note: Paul had always wanted to go to Rome to testify of Jesus Christ (Acts 19:21). Did he ever imagine that it would be by this road ?

Acts 23
Before this group (divided 'theologically') Paul now speaks. He is 'stuck' by the order of the high priest, to which he reply that this was a violation of the Law 1-3. He is careful to kept God's Word himself in response 4-5. Note: Do we exercise care to follow God's word even in the small details, even when we are under attack ? Paul wisely answers the charges against him by introducing the 'resurrection' which was a point of contention between the Sadducees and Pharisees 6-8. They begin to fight among themselves 9. The Pharisees find him 'not guilty' not because they want to hear what he has to say but because their position was being supported (because it was politically or religiously expedient). Note: Nothing has changed in over 2000 year of human relationships ! The Romans come to his rescue and take Paul away, lest he is killed 9-10. The Lord reassures Paul that he will get to Rome as HIS witness 11. Forty men plot and vow to kill Paul 12-15. This is found out and told to Paul (and then to the Romans) by Paul's nephew 16-22. (God's providence at work). Paul is given safe passage with a group of  about 500 solders 23-24. Paul is sent to Felix, the Governor with a letter explaining the situation 25-30. On the second day of the trip only 200 of the cavalry continue with Paul and bring him safely to Caesarea 31-35. He is kept under guard in Herod's palace awaiting a hearing 35b. Note: How would you or I feel in the midst of such circumstances ? God gives His people the grace they need to face every situation life brings (1 Corinthians 10:13). We must remember to look to Him and trust Him by faith (Romans 8:28). 

Acts 14
The next stop on this journey takes them to Iconium where many believe 1 and some refuse and reject the message and want to stone the messengers 1-7. Note: One can not be neutral about the Lord Jesus Christ. The good news is bad news to those who refuse it. At Lystra a crippled man is healed which causes the people to think (in their pagan minds) that the 'gods' had come to them 8-13. Paul and Barnabas refuse their 'worship' and point them to the true and living God who is the creator of all things 14-18. Note: God blesses and provides for us, even our daily bread, as a testimony of Himself. Have you thanked Him today ? The Jews come along and stone Paul and throw him out of the city. He revives and returns to the city before leaving 21. On there return trip they revisit some of the disciples and remind them that hardships are part of this life and are part of being in God's kingdom 22. They also 'appoint' elders for the churches 23. As they travel they preach the Word of God 24-25. Note: If you or I are opposed, do we continue or give up ? They return to Antioch and report all that God had done 26-28. They were able to accomplish their given task and mission by the grace of God 26. Note: We can only serve God acceptably and accomplish what is good, which has eternal value, by the grace of God !

Acts 15
A problem arose in the church at Antioch that was doctrinal. The issue was whether a Gentile believer needed to be circumcised and keep the Law of Moses in order to be saved 1. Note: We might say it this way Jesus plus (whatever other requirements) assures one of salvation. Paul and Barnabas were selected to go to Jerusalem to get answers to these matters 2-3. They report to the Jerusalem church all that God had done through them 4. The matter was discussed and debated 5-21. The greatness of God and His grace to us in Christ for salvation comes out in their discussions. One is saved by grace alone, through faith alone, in Christ alone 6-13. Note: In the present age, God is calling out for Himself a people for His name 14-15. The place of Jewish focus awaits a future day 16-18. The decision they reach is to make minimal requirements 19-21. They write this in a letter and send it by Paul and Barnabas to the 'Gentile' churches 22-29. They was well received and pleased the brethren 30-35. Note: There is an implication that God honored the decision of these godly men by affirming the conclusion they came to (see v 28). Given the culture and context, was the food matter only binding on them of that day ? After this Paul and Barnabas part company over a dispute concerning John Mark 36-41. Paul ends up taking Silas and Barnabas takes John-Mark to different ministries. Note: Even Christians have disagreements that cause  broken fellowship. We are all too human ! They did eventually reconcile, years later (see: 2Timothty 4:11)

Acts 16
When Paul and Silas come to Lystra they meet Timothy who becomes a co-worker of Paul. Paul has him circumcised, not to be saved, but for cultural acceptance considering his mixed family 1-3. As they traveled they present the decision of the 'Jerusalem Council' - Acts 15, which is well received 4-5. The Lord opens and closes doors (permitting and preventing) Paul and his companions from going in the various directions with the Gospel message 6-10. After a vision, Paul goes to Macedonia 10. Note: can 'road blocks' to our plans be a way God is saying 'don't go there' ? How often do we ignore them and forge ahead, out of the will of God ? They come to Philppi which was a leading city 11-12. They go to the Synagogue and  proclaim Christ. Lydia, had her heart 'opened by the Lord' and became a believer and was baptized 13-15. Note: While we may not fully understand the works of God in opening one's heart and the need for a person to believe in Christ, this much is true; no one can come to Christ, unaided by the work of the Holy Spirit. The cry of the healed blind man 'I do not know all the answers. One thing I do know, I once was blind but now I see' (my paraphrase of John 9:25). Paul and Silas are put in prison after they cast a demon out of a girl and offend her 'profiteers' 16-21. They bring the crowds in on it by appealing to their Roman customs 21-22. They were then beaten, flogged, and put in prison 23-24. At midnight they sing praises to God as their fellow prisoners listen 25. God sends an earthquake and the doors of the prison are opened 26. The jailer, thinking that they escaped is about to take his own life 27. Paul calls to him 28. He asks what he must do to be saved 29-30. He is told to do the only thing one can do and that is to believe in the Lord Jesus Christ and you will be saved 31. The reference to household means that this was for all who were part of this man's house. Salvation was not exclusive to him alone 31b. After speaking the Word of the Lord to his household, they are baptized, because they believed the word 32-34. In the morning, orders are given for their release 35-36. Paul appeals to his Roman citizenship and 'his rights' under Roman law. This troubles the officials for they were wrong in their treatment of Paul and Silas 37-38. They are carefully escorted away 39. Upon release they return to Lydia's house and encourage the believers before continuing their missionary journey 40. Note: Much is here for our instruction. I find it notable that Paul made full use of his rights under the Roman Law. Some feel we should oppose all that the government says or offers its citizens. While we are citizens of a heavenly city (Philippians 3:20), we can, at the same time enjoy and use the freedoms afforded to us in our natural citizenship in this world. Paul was able to do much of what he did because he was a Roman citizen. Yet he lived and moved in relation to the Gospel and never 'settled' for just being a good 'earthly citizen'.

Acts 17
Paul continues to travel and preach the Gospel as he is going. They come to Thessalonica where he goes to the synagogue and reasons with the Jews from the Scriptures that Jesus is the Christ and His purpose in coming 1-3. Some were convinced and believed while others rejected and cause a riot 4-9. In Berea they 'searched the Scriptures' to see if what Paul was saying was true 10-11. Note: We should always check all everything by the truth of Scripture. Many believe and others stir the crowd against Paul 12-13. Paul is helped to Athens 15. Note: Is this not so true to life. Those opposed to the truth will not give it a reasoned response, instead they resort to stirring people up that leads to (potential) violence. In Athens, Paul is troubled by all the idol worship 16-17. He takes what they know and proclaims the God who created all things 18-29 and then brings the message to Christ and His resurrection and the judgment to come 30-31. This brings jeers, some who would hear more, and a few who believe 32-34. Note: This passage has many lessons for us on how to share the Gospel. Can you read this chapter again and list some of the principles that come from these examples ?

Acts 7
Stephen is allowed to answer these charges 1. He takes these Jews on a review of their history and God's working in their midst. Starting with calling of Abraham 2 and concluding with the rejection of Christ 52; he will prove to them that God is not limited to one place (a temple) nor to one man (Moses). God was accomplishing His purposes in and through many persons (Abraham 2-7, Isaac 8, Jacob 8, Joseph 9-19, Moses 20-36,Joshua 45, David 45, Solomon 46) and in many places (the Promised Land 5, Egypt 9-28, in Midian 29-35, in the desert 36-42, in Babylon 43 and now in their midst with the coming of Christ and the message of the Gospel 51-53. Stephen concludes with pointing out their guilt, which reads as a culmination of the Jewish people's stubborn and stiff-necked attitude towards God 51-53. This was too much for them. Note: Conviction of the Spirit with the truth of God's Word is never easy to hear or receive. They rush on him and stone Stephen 54-60. He is called the 'first Christian Martyr'.  As he is being stoned, Stephen reflects Christ in praying for the Lord to receive his spirit and to forgive those who were stoning him 59 (Luke 23:34,46). He also sees Jesus who is standing at the Father's right hand 55-56. Note: Is Jesus standing to receive one of His own unto Himself ?

Acts 8
Saul of Tarsus is the witness to Stephen's death. In essence giving 'official approval' that his stoning was just and right in the eyes of the Law of the Lord 1. Persecution breaks out against the church and scatters the believers 2. Note: This is one method God uses to get His people and His message out (according to His plan - Acts 1:8). Philip preached the Word of God to Samaria and many came to believe on Christ for salvation 4-8. They heard, believed, and were baptized 9-13. Simon, a sorcerer also believes 13. The Apostles (Peter and John) come and lay hands on these believers and the Holy Spirit comes upon them 14-17. There must have been some visible manifestation for Simon 'saw' this happen 18. He wanted the same 'ability' 19 and is sternly rebuked by Peter for thinking that God's gift could be purchased; Simon needed to repent of his sin and he pleaded for prayer 18-24. Peter and John preach all through Samaria on their way back to Jerusalem 25. Note: The delay of the Spirit's coming for 'Apostolic affirmation' was to teach that the Samaritan believers were of the same 'body' as the Jewish believers. They too would enter into the fullness of Pentecost. At each stage of the Gospel's progression outward, Acts records a special manifestation of the Spirit so as to say 'all believers have been made to drink of the one Spirit and are part of the One body of Christ (Acts 10:46-48; 11:15-18; 1 Corinthians 12:13; Ephesians 4:4-6). Philip is directed by the Lord to speak with an Ethiopian eunuch who is reading from the OT book of Isaiah (53) 26-33. He asks for help in understanding and Philip starts there and preaches to Him Jesus 34-35. He included baptism, for the eunuch asks to be baptized 36-37. Philip baptizes him 38 and is then 'caught away' by the Spirit of God 39 (he disappears) and appears at Azotus and then settles in Caesarea 40. Note: Wow ! To be so in step with the Spirit of God that He would just pick me up and put me at the next place of serve.

Acts 9
Saul continues his rant and destructive actions against believers (the church) 1-2. As he journeys to Damascus he is struck down by the Lord Jesus Christ 3-4. Jesus says he (Saul) is persecuting Him (which is His body, the believer) 4-5. Jesus commissions him 6.  Ananis is enlisted by the Lord to go to Saul, to lay hands on him for healing and to baptize him 10-18. Note: He may have spoken to him more of Jesus also, though the text does not say it here, consider Acts 22:12-16. The Lord's purpose for Saul was for him to bear witness to His name and to suffer for His name's sake 15-16. Saul's eye sight is restored and his is baptized and filled with the Spirit 17-19. He immediately begins to proclaim Jesus as the Son of God 20, proving that He is the Christ 22. The Jews want to kill him for this 23. Saul is helped and escapes 24-25. In Jerusalem, Barnabas (true to his name 4:36) introduces Saul to a 'cautious' church 26-28. The Jews again want to kill Saul for his teachings 29. Saul then heads off to Tarsus (his home town) 30. Note: Saul must have been a very intense person (all or nothing type). He put his entire self into destroying the church and then (after his conversion) he boldly and fearlessly is proclaiming that Jesus is the Son of God, The Christ 27b-29. The Church enjoyed a time of peace, strength, and growth 31. Note: The church has both times of favor and times of intense persecution. Both are governed by the sovereign hand of God ! Saul is 'out of the picture' for a while and the focus moves to Peter and God's working through him. Peter (through Christ) heals Aeneas 32-35. The result is an open door for the Gospel and many come to faith in Christ. In Joppa, Tabitha dies. She was a faithful believer 36-37. Peter is called to come 38. He finds her dead as the believers are weeping 39. Peter kneels and prays and commands her to 'raise' 40. She is restored to life, fully alive 41. This too gives testimony to the Lord and many believe 42. Peter then stays with Simon the tanner 43. Note: God does the miraculous to bless and heal and to give testimony to His Great Name !

Acts 10
Cornelius, a Gentile, God-fearing man is given a message by an angel of the Lord to send for Peter so that he could hear the Gospel 1-7. He sends to Joppa to get Peter as he was instructed 8 Note: God can give messages through His angels, but has left the preaching of the Gospel to those who know the Lord and have experienced His saving grace. The next day the Lord prepares Peter with the vision of the sheet let down from heaven with all kinds of 'unclean' animals 9-14. Peter's objection is because he had kept the OT Law of God that had forbidden the Jew from eating such things. The Lord applies this vision the Gentile Cornelius (for Gentiles were viewed as unclean by the Jews as well). God has made them clean 15 (by the blood of Christ, which has been send for all, thus all may come to Him by faith and be saved). As Peter ponders this vision, the men sent from Cornelius arrive and Peter goes with them (having been assured by the Spirit) 17- 23. Peter arrives the next day, not just at the destination, but at an understanding of the ways of God, who has opened the way of salvation to the Gentiles also 23b-29. Cornelius recounts the angelic visit and the reason he called for Peter 30-33. They are ready, having been prepared by the Lord, to hear the word of God. Peter speaks of the Lord Jesus life, His death, and resurrection along with the application that whoever believes in Him receives the forgiveness of sins 34-43.As he speaks, the Holy Spirit comes upon the Gentiles and they 'speak in tongues' just like on the day of Pentecost (Acts 2) 44-46. Peter concludes that they, having believed, received the gift of the Holy Spirit and should thus be baptized 46-48. Salvation in Christ came to Cornelius and those in his house. Note: There is much here to learn and apply. I will leave this to your further prayerful study.

Acts 11
The Jewish believers heard that the Gentiles (Cornelius and others) had received the Word of God and instead of rejoicing they criticized Peter for going into a Gentiles home 1-3. Peter explains everything in precise detail 4-16. He is clear to say that God gave him a vision to prepare him 9 and the Holy Spirit directed him 12. In fact, as he spoke of salvation in Christ, the Spirit came upon those listening  just as He had upon them (at Pentecost) 14-15. Peter understood this as being a confirmation of Jesus words and promise to all who will believe 16-17. How could they oppose God 17b? They defer to God and His will, though they do not appear to be overly enthusiastic about the matter (my impression) 18. Luke gives a summary of the Gospel as it is proclaimed. Both Jews and Greek were hearing and were believing in Christ for salvation 19-21. Antioch becomes a prominent place where the church is established and the disciples are first called 'Christians' (meaning 'Christ's Ones' or 'those belonging to Christ') 26b. Barnabas enlists the help of Saul to teach the church 23-26. The news of a famine moves the believers to send financial help to those living in Judea 27-30. Barnabas and Saul are selected to bring this offering to Jerusalem 30. Note: Here we see how the Lord raises up one for serve in His kingdom. Saul first teaches, then is part of a short term mission trip (so to speak) and is then called to further work (13:1-4). This was part of God's plan for Saul's life that unfolded in time and is now history. Are you doing what God has planned for your life, that you may serve Him and fulfill His will ?

Acts 12
Herod goes after the church and has James the brother of John put to death 1-2. Peter is arrested with the same intentions 3-4. The church prays for Peter 5. Peter is supernaturally released by the Lord through His angels the very night before his execution date 6-10. Once freed, Peter comes to himself and realizes that God had set him free 11. Note: Why was one disciple freed and the other put to death ? This is one of those instances in life that one must truth in the Lord and His ways. He is the faithful creator who always does what is right (see: 1 Peter 4:12-19). Peter shows up at the 'prayer meeting' and Rhoda who announces his arrival is met with unbelief 12-15. Peter is finally let in and explains how the Lord set him free 16-17. The guards are executed, in keeping with the penalty for an escaped prisoner 18-19. The same Herod is hailed as 'a god' by the people 20-22, and is immediately stuck down by an angel of the Lord 23. The contrasting word 'but' in verse 24 shows that God's word continues to spread and have an impact ! Note: All individuals eventually face death and their earthly life comes to an end, (no one is excluded, no matter how powerful or even if they are acclaimed as a 'god'). It is a serious thought that anyone would enter eternity without saving faith in Christ. What does it profit a man or woman to gain the whole world and yet loose their soul and suffer an eternal hell ? This is the prospect of all who reject Christ to the end. All who oppose Christ and the Gospel will come to nothing. Yet God has His faithful ones  as in Barnabas and Saul, who return to Antioch after having completed their mission. John-Mark goes with them 25.

Acts 2
The Holy Spirit came upon and filled the believers who were gathered at Jerusalem at the feast of
Pentecost 1-4. The ability to speak in tongues came from the Holy Spirit 4, and gave glory to God 11. The crowd does not know what this means, so Peter takes the lead and explains the working of God through the Lord Jesus Christ 14-41. Jesus is the One whom they rejected and had crucified, but God raised Him from the dead 22-24. This was foretold by David 25-31, just as the coming of the Spirit was foretold by Joel 16-21. They too could receive the gift of the Holy Spirit if they would repent of sin and turn in faith to Christ 36-41. A picture of the church's activity is noted in 42-47. The Lord is the one who builds the church 41,47b. Note: Our role is to give witness to the Lord through His word, just as Peter did.

Acts 3
The lame man at the 'Beautiful Gate' is healed by the name of Jesus Christ 1-10. This becomes a point from which Peter again preaches Jesus Christ and Him crucified and risen again 11-16.  The call is for the people to recognize their sins, repent, and believe on Christ for salvation 17-21. Again, Peter points the to the OT Scripture to say this was always part of God's plan 22-26. Note: Have you responded with humble repentance and in faith, called on Christ to save you ?

Acts 4
Peter and John are arrested 1-3. Many believed 4. They were then questioned by the religious leaders 5-7. Peter gives testimony to the Lord Jesus Christ as the only means and way of salvation 8-12. They are surprised at Peter's bold confidence 13-14. They order them not to teach any more in Jesus name, for they could not deny the miracle 15-22. Peter, at this point does not know if it is right to obey their authority 19-20. Upon release, they return to their fellow believers and pray for boldness 23-30. The Lord answers with power and the Spirit 31. In summary, a picture is again painted by Luke to show the actions of these believers 32-37. They sold and gave, and shared because the Gospel had impacted their lives. They held things in common, so as to meet the needs of others. Note: This was true among the believers for this time, yet this was not ideal, nor the end of God's role for them, for HE scattered the church, so as to proclaim His Word to others (8:1,4). 'Christian Communism' is not taught by this or other passages.

Acts 5
Ananias and Sapphira are believers who are also deceivers. They lie to the Holy Spirit, who is God by making it appear that they were giving everything when they actually held back a portion of their profit 1-11. The judgment of God falls on both of them, which is immediate death 5,10. While this may appear harsh, it shows the reality of honesty before God. He does not tolerate sin, especially among His own people. It should be noted that the text does not imply that they should have given it all, only that they practiced deception to make others think they had given all 4. The church continues as the Lord heals many through the Apostles 12-16. Note: The ministry of Jesus continues through His church. They are again arrested and put in jail,  but the Lord releases them by the hand of an angel 18-21. The leaders are puzzled 22-24. They find them again in the temple courts preaching Jesus 25-28. Peter's reply is that they must obey God in this matter and calls them to account before God 27-32. They want to kill them 33. Gamaliel gives them advise to leave them alone, for if they be of God, they (the leaders) can not stop them (the disciples of Jesus) 34-39. After being 'flogged' the disciples leave with rejoicing that they suffered for Jesus Name 40-41. They continue to daily teach and proclaim the message of Christ 42. Note: Am I, as a believer in Jesus, daily consumed with bearing witness to Christ ? Am I willing to suffer for His name ?

The Book of Acts continues the account of Jesus work through His church (believing people) as the Gospel spreads from Jerusalem to the ends of the earth. Someone rightly noted that the book is still being written as the church age continues and people are being saved from every nations on earth. This does not mean the Bible is still being written, only that we today are still under the mandate of the great commission of the Lord Jesus as stated in Matthew 28:18-20. The Gospel spreads and is the 'Good News' for all peoples. Though called the Acts of the Apostles, only a few are detailed in how God used them. Two main persons are Peter and Paul, even though others are mentioned. We can learn much from this record of God's Work through His people by the Holy Spirit.

Theme: The Establishment and Expansion of the Church

Key Verse: Acts 1:8

Suggested Outline:

I.  The Gospel to the Jews 1-7
II. The Gospel to Samaria 8-12
III.The Gospel to the World 13-28
(or)

Main personage...
I.Peter 1-12
II.Paul 13-28

Matthew 27
Judas response to his betrayal of Jesus is regret, remorse, and despair 1-3. The insensitivity of the religious leaders is telling 4. Judas throws the money in the temple and takes his own life 4-5. The chief priests take that money and buy a field to be a burial place for foreigners 6-7. This fulfilled the word of the Lord through Jeremiah 8-10 (Jeremiah 32:6-9). Meanwhile, Jesus is tried before the civil (roman) governor, Pilate 11-26. He questions Jesus and finds no fault in him. Pilate lets the people decide the sentence upon Jesus by offering release of either Jesus or Barabbas (a true criminal) 15-18. Pilate is warned, through his wife not to do anything to Jesus for HE is innocent 19. Note: Could the Lord have been giving Pilate a final opportunity to do the right thing ? I think this again shows that we make free choices and yet the plans and purposes of God are still fully realized (see: Acts 2:23-24, 3:13-15). Also, Jesus affirms that He is the King of the Jews 11. The chief priests persuaded the crowds to release Barabbas and have Jesus crucified 20-23. Here is a sad example of 'mob rule'. Pilate washes his hands, yet he is still guilty of sentencing Jesus to a death that He did not deserve 24-26. Jesus is them mocked by the Roman soldiers before they crucify Him 27-31. He was crucified at Golgotha or 'the place of the skull' 32-33. The change against Him and put over His head is being the king of the Jews 35-38. The crowds mock His claim to be the Son of God 40. The religious and civil Jewish leaders also mock Him, making reference to His claim to be 'the son of God' 42-43. Note: Jesus did claim to be the Son of God and all knew this claim. Those who suggest that Jesus never made this claim are ignorant of the Scriptures and need to read the testimony of God's Word more carefully ! There was darkness over the land for 3 hours 45  as Jesus suffered the wrath of God for the sin of the world as He became sin for us (1John 2:1-2). His cry from the cross was one of total abandonment by God as He absorbed the wrath of God for us and our sins. The wages of sin is death (Romans 6:23a) and Christ suffered death (total separation from God) for us and for the sins of the world (Hebrews 2:9). He endured 'hell' on the cross for you and me ! Jesus then offered up life life and died 50. At that moment the veil in the temple (which separated the holy presence of God from the rest of the people) was torn from top to bottom (from God) 51. The way to God was now opened through the death of Christ. The raising of some (saints) was in connection with Jesus own resurrection 52-53. Even the Roman guards declared that Jesus was indeed the Son of God 54. Note: The charges against Him (being the king of the Jews and the Son of God) were both true, yet they did not merit His death, but His worship ! The women also followed Jesus to the end 55. Joseph of Arimathea puts the body of Jesus into his own tomb as the women observe this 57-61. The religious leaders ask for a guard at the tomb, lest the disciples steal His body and make it appear that He arose. Pilate grants their request 62-66. Note: Is it possible that they feared that Jesus may indeed arise as He has said. No one can prevent the resurrection of Christ or oppose the power and purposes of God !

Matthew 28
On the third day being the first day of the week (Sunday) the women come to the tomb and see the angel at the tomb 1-4. He tells them that Jesus is not here, He is has risen, just as He said 6. They were instructed to tell the disciples where they would see Him 5-7. They see Jesus as they are on the way 8-10. Note: He tells them not to fear and to go to Galilee 10. Oh, the wonder, joy, and real hope of the resurrected Christ. Because He lives, we can live also, and in Him we live eternally ! The guards tell of all that happened and are 'paid off' by the chief priests 11-15. They accepted the  'hush money' and lie to 'cover up' the truth. Note: Is this not the ways of the world ? Someone has said 'every man has his price'. Would you sell out the truth or Jesus Himself for money or any other material and temporal thing ? Jesus meets with the disciples in Galilee and give the what has been called 'the great commission' 16-20. Jesus has all authority in heaven and on earth 18. This is the basis from which He can issue such a great commission. They (and all believers since) are to make disciples (followers) of Jesus from all the nations by the proclamation of the Good News of Salvation in Christ alone (Luke 24:44-49). Baptism was part of this proclamation as one who identify with Jesus in His death, burial, and resurrection (Romans 6:3-4) and the Trinity (Father, Son and Holy Spirit) 19. They were also to teach all that Jesus taught them to do as well 20a. And the final promise that HE is with them (and us) to the end of the age 20b. Believers are never alone or left to themselves to complete this commission. They have the very presence and power of Christ resident within them through the Holy Spirit (Acts 1:8). May the Lord find each of us faithful to His commission when HE comes again ! AMEN.

Matthew 22
Jesus continues to teach them with the parable of the wedding feast 1-14. Those invited refuse to come 1-7, so others are invited to come (whosoever will, to use the KJV terminology) 8-10. All must have the proper attire (a wedding garment) 11-12. Note: I would suggest that this applies to one needing to be 'clothed with' the righteousness of Christ in order to be in the presence of God (see:  Matthew 5:20; Isaiah 61:10, 1 Corinthians 1:30; 2 Corinthians 5:17-21; Revelation 7:9-17). The one without this garment is cast out 13. All are called (through the Gospel), but only those who respond to Christ in faith are the chosen ones 14. They try to trap Jesus with a question of paying taxes 15-17. Jesus says give to Caesar what is Caesar's and to God what is God's 18-22. Note: Each of us are to fully give ourselves to the Lord. This is seen in Jesus encounter with 'an expert in the law' 34-40. The Sadducees, who did not believe in a resurrection 23, ask Jesus a question based on the OT law of God and the resurrection 24-28. (Maybe they had a debate on this issue and from human reason 'rejected as foolish' the notion of a resurrection because of problems like the one they pose to Jesus. Jesus, the Master, responds by pointing out  their ignorance of both the Scriptures teaching and the power of God 29. Marriage is for this earthly age and is not part of the resurrection order 30. He also points out that God is the God of the living, not the dead 31-32. Note: Those who have died, being God's people, are very much alive 32 ! Next, the expert is put in his place (as all of us are) when confronted with the Law of God (ie. the Ten Commandments) 37-40. In essence, Jesus sums up all the Law and the Prophets in the simple statement 'love God supremely and others sacrificially' (my paraphrase). Jesus asks a question of them concerning 'the Christ being David's son, yet at the same time 'The Lord'. How can this be ? 41-46. They can not answer, however the truth is that Jesus (the son of David) is also the Son of God. He is both Lord and Christ; human and divine (see: Acts 2:29-36). The people were unable to answer such a question.  Note: Do you know and believe the testimony of God (in His Word) that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God ? (Matthew 16:16) and that by believing in Him you may have life (eternal) in His name (see: John 20:30-31) Notice also that what Jesus quoted, indicates a day that is yet to be in the plans and purposes of God. It is true that all His enemies; those who reject Him, will be made a 'footstool' for His feet. It is far better to humble yourself and receive the Lord now, than one day be subject to His judgment for having rejected His offer of grace and salvation. 

Matthew 23
In this chapter, Jesus pronounces seven 'woes' on the Pharisees and teachers of the Law. The main reason for His harsh rebukes is due to the fact that they knew and taught the truth of God's Word, yet they failed to live out the truth themselves. Thus, they were 'hypocrites' (actors) 1-3. They appeared (no pun intended) to like the external show of respect and titles given to them as 'authorities' 4-10. Jesus followers were to live by humble dependence upon God and recognition of themselves as all 'brothers' (equals) 11-12.  Woe to them (and us if we do the same) for; shutting heaven to others 13, condemning others 15, not recognizing God as 'sacred' 16-22, tithing without godly conduct 23-24, focusing on the 'outward' appearance as an end and in reality being corrupt  'with in'  25-26 & 27-28, doing the same as their forefathers 29- 32. They will prove Jesus words to be truth by the actions they will take against those whom Christ will send as His witnesses 33-39. Note: I do not know the indictment Jesus makes in verse 35, nor the meaning of Him saying they would not see Him again until they called Him 'blessed' 39. This is a sobering chapter, because on some level, believers in Jesus can do the very same things which these 'religious leaders' did. One must ask the Lord to search the heart and grant forgiveness and cleansing where it is needed !

Matthew 24
In answer to the disciples questions, Jesus offers numerous 'signs' that point to the end of the destruction of the temple 1-2, the end of the age, and His coming again 3. This chapter is complex because it is not always easy to determine which signs apply as an answer to what will happen when. In much of this we maybe dealing with 'dual prophecies' which has more that one application or fulfillment. Note: I would suggest that some of this was fulfilled in the disciples day (particularly in 70 AD when the temple was destroyed) and much still awaits and points to the second coming of Christ.  It is clear from Jesus teaching that 'global unrest' and 'natural disasters' are a sign of His coming 4-7. These are like 'birth pains' (labor in pregnancy) which become more frequent and more intense as the baby is about to be born 8. Reject of the truth and betrayal of others will be prominent 9-13, so will world-wide proclamation of the Gospel 14. Daniel spoke of these events 15 (Daniel 9:27). This time will be unprecedented and not repeated in history 15-21. Note: This says to me that this has not yet occurred. Deception will be a big part of these being spoken of 22-28. Cosmic events will point to the Lord's return (the day of the Lord) 29. Angels will gather God's 'elect' 30-31. The fig tree is used as a parable to teach the truth of nearness 32-35. The exact day is not able to be known (sorry all you who claim to have it pinpointed, you are wrong to make such a claim) 36. Most will be unaware of these things and will live life as usual; Noah's day being a lesson for us 37-41. The exhortation is for Jesus servant to be watching, ready, and about the business of the Lord so as to be prepared for when He comes 42-51. Note: Are you ready for the Lord to return, perhaps today ?

Matthew 25
The Lord continues His instruction on readiness by telling a parable of ten virgins, five of whom were wise and five who were foolish 1-13. When the Lord returns, some will be ready and others will be caught off guard. Then it will be 'too late' to try to get what is necessary to enter His presence and be part of the wedding feast. Note: This parable has been interpreted in many ways. Sufficeth to say that being 'watchful' and 'ready' is the Lord's main point 13. When the Lord returns it will be a time of personal 'reckoning' and giving account of one's self to the Lord. He will examine believers concerning what they did with the 'talents' God had entrusted to them for their use and God's glory 14-30. Rewards will be proportional, appropriate, and just 19-20, 22-23, 28. There will also be loss and suffering for those who refused to use what God has given 26-27,30. Note: I will leave you to further study to understand the casting out and gnashing of teeth in 30. There will also be a judgment of nations by the Lord as well. This is parable of the sheep and the goats 31-46. There are only two options for eternity; either eternal life or eternal punishment 46. Note: Both are eternal (everlasting) or the word (promise/threat) become meaningless. It is correct to interpret the sheep as those who know the Lord and live out His truth and the goats being those who are unbelievers and lived like it. The Lord will call all to account in the judgments that He will preside over as the perfect king and judge (see: John 5:25-30; Romans 14:9-11; Revelation 19:11) Where will you stand at the judgment of God ? In each of these parables, there are only two options and outcomes: faithfulness and reward or unfaithfulness and judgment !

Matthew 18
A question of greatness in the kingdom is asked 1. Jesus states that everyone must become humble as a child if he is to enter the kingdom of heaven 2-5. Offenses against children are taken note of by the Lord and HE will deal with each accordingly 6-7. Radical steps need to be taken to put an end to sin lest one face the fire of eternal hell 8-9. The Lord in His mercy and compassion seeks out the lost and wandering sheep 10-14. God desires and wants to the salvation of children 14. Sins and offenses need to be addressed, confessed, and repented of 15. If the 'sinning brother' refuses to listen, steps are to be taken to involve others in the restoration processes 16-17. If he still refuses, he is to be treated as a pagan and tax collector 17b. Note: Does that mean this one was to be despised and avoided or prayed for and shown grace, treating him as one who is an unbeliever who needs Christ ? Jesus teaches that forgiveness (which we are to show towards others) ought to be unlimited (70x7) 21-22. Jesus told a parable of a servant who was forgiven much by his master, but who refused to forgive 'a little' debt owed to him 24-33. The Father will hold us in 'prison' until we show genuine forgiveness towards others 334-35. Note: Unforgiveness can lead to the bondage of bitterness that one can only be freed from by forgiving those who have offended us. Are you forgiving towards others ? (Ephesians 4:30-32; Colossians 3:13).

Matthew 19
The Pharisees question Jesus about the validity of divorce 1-3. Jesus reply shows that divorce was allowed because of the hardness of the human heart 8. God's design and plan for marriage is between one man and one woman for life 4-6. This goes all that way back to creation and the order that God set up in the garden. Note: Much discussion has gone into the 'exception cause' that Jesus refers to as a legitimate reason for divorce 9. Space does not permit me to offer all the sides in this discussion. Divorce for any couple is a painful thing. It is part of this life because we are sinful people and yet it is not 'unpardonable' because Jesus came to forgive and cleanse us from all our sins. May God truly grant His grace to all who have been impacted by divorce. The disciples ask if it is better to remain 'single' then 10. To this, Jesus replies (by illustrating) that being unmarried (single) is a gift granted by God 10-12. Note: Believers and the church should not look down on those not married as 'second class' or some how lacking. God uses both the married and the single to reflect His glory in various ways. Jesus blesses children in 13-15. A wealthy man comes asking what he can do to gain eternal life 16. If it were possible, Jesus says to keep the commandments of God 17-19. He boasts that he did keep them 20. Jesus tells him to sell and and follow him 21. This would require faith and indicate if he really was keeping the first section of the ten commandments (which relate to God). Apparently, his wealth was his idol (god) that he was not willing to part with in order to have the true and living God in his life, thus gaining eternal life 22. Jesus indicates that 'things' can get in the way of our relationship with God and even keep us from heaven itself 23-25. Yet God is able to save anyone 26 ! Peter asks what is their reward 27. Jesus assures them that they would have a place judging the twelve tribes of Israel 28. Note: This indicates that God has a plan that includes the twelve tribes is Israel in the future. All who have given up earthly things will be rewarded accordingly (in the future) by the Lord 29 (Revelation 22:12). The last being first is expanded upon in the next chapter (20:1-16).

Matthew 20
Jesus continues His teaching with the parable of the workers that are recruited to work in the field. Groups of men are hired to work throughout the day 1-9. At pay time (end of the day) those hired last received the same amount as those who were hired first and worked all day 10. This caused some grumbling and claims of unfairness 11-12. The owner (God) responds with the terms they agreed to and affirms His right to be generous 13-15. Note: God calls upon different individuals to serve Him. Some endure much and suffer, others may have ease, yet the Lord is gracious to all (see: John 21:18-23). Salvation is God's gift. Some suffer for bearing Jesus name more than others. No on can claim that God is unfair. He is perfect, He is good, and He is always just. Jesus concludes with the statement the last shall be first and the first, last. Note: We can not assume to know the place a believer may have in the kingdom (just read on in 20:20-23). Jesus again foretells His betrayal, rejection, and death. Both the Jews and Gentiles would have part in His crucifixion. This was always part of the plan of God (see: Acts 3:13-15, 4:25-28). The world is guilty of rejecting Christ and putting Him on the cross ! Remember the plan does not end in death, but in resurrection and eternal life 19b. Hallelujah, what a savior ! The request of James and John's mother is not granted because it has already been ordained by the Father, who will occupy these positions of honor in the kingdom 20-23. Jesus uses this occasion to teach that greatness is not by rulership, but by servant hood 23-27. HE is the ultimate example of this, in that, Jesus (the Son of Man) came to serve and to give His life as a ransom for many 28. (see: Philippians 2:5-11). Note: Are you and I following Jesus example and serving others in His name and by His grace ? Jesus, in compassion heals two blind men that ask that they might receive their sight 29-34. In healing, it was immediate and came directly from the hand of the Lord.

Matthew 14
John the Baptist is imprisoned for rebuking Herod about his sinful relationship with his brother's wife 1-3. Note: Believers should be bold in pointing out what God has said on matters of morality. Herod wanted to kill John, but he feared the people 4-5. Herod was 'seduced' by Herodias' daughter who danced for him (no doubt a sensual dance) and made a promise to give her anything she wanted 6-8. She asked for John's head 8b. Herod (regrettably) gave her what she asked for 9-11. Note: A sinful heart is capable of doing the most wicked of acts. It should be noted that disciples cared for John's body with a proper burial 12. This shows the care for the body which also belongs to the Lord, which He has redeemed (see: 1 Corinthians 6:19-20). Jesus feeds 5,000 plus people with five loaves and two fish 13-21. He is able to take what we have (and offer to Him) and multiply it to meet the needs of others, with much left over 19-20. This honor and the glory of this miracle is His ! Jesus also walks on water 22-33. Peter does also, by the power of Christ 29-30. When we take our eyes (faith in) Christ, we sink; yet Jesus saves ! He is declared, in truth to be 'the Son of God' and receives the disciples' worship 33. Note: Do you believe in Him and worship Him for who He really is ? Jesus heals more people, even those who but touch the edge of His cloak 34-36. Note: One need not understand everything about Jesus, but only come to Him in faith that HE is able to do what we would ask of Him (see: 1 John 5:14-15).

Matthew 15
The disciples of Jesus are rebuked by the Pharisees for not keeping 'their traditions' 1-2. Jesus questions why they break 'God's command' 3-7. They give God but 'lip service' 8-9. A person is not defiled or unclean in God's sight because of food we consume, but because of the sinful condition of our hearts 10-19. This is the source of sin and evil in the world. Note: One can do all that is humanly possible to 'clean up' one's outside, yet everything becomes corrupt because (by nature) we are sinful creatures. Thus, we need the cleansing and transforming work of God that He provides by salvation in Christ alone (see: Romans 3:21-25,5:1-5,8:1-9). Jesus responds to the plea of a Canaanite woman who comes on behalf of her daughter afflicted with a demon 21-25. The 'children's bread' was the privilege and blessing the Israelites to whom Jesus had come 24,26. She asks for a crumb 27. Jesus commends her for her great faith and grants her request 28. Note: One can not overlook the fact the Lord responds to faith in Him. Do you believe and have faith in Christ alone to meet you every need and bring you salvation ? Jesus once again feeds a multitude of 4,000 plus 29-39. This is a different occasion that what was previously recorded (14:13-21) and teaches us that the Lord can provide as needed in different circumstances. Each time the Lord acts, it is in a unique way, though there are similar features. He is able ! To Him be the glory !

Matthew 16
The Pharisees and Saducees (two religious Jewish sects) come to Jesus and ask for a sign from heaven (God) to authenticate His ministry and message 1. Jesus rebukes them for being able to discern the sky, but they fail to 'read' the signs of the times (ie. what God was doing in their midst) 2-4. Jesus warns His disciples about the teachings of the Pharisees and Sadducees, likening it to yeast 5-12. Yeast put into flour will cause it to raise. It permeates the entire lump of dough. In the same way, false or incomplete knowledge of God can spread and ruin those who hold to it. Coming to Caesarea Philippi Jesus questions His disciples about who they think He really is 13-15. Peter makes a confession of faith, declaring Jesus to be 'the Christ, the Son of the Living God' 16. He is commended by Jesus for 'the Father' revealed this to Peter and he accepted Him and expressed this truth 17. Much discussion has  centered on the 'rock' upon which Jesus would build His church 18-19 . Was it Peter ? Was it Christ, Himself ? Was it built by those, who like Peter, believe and confess Jesus to be the Christ, the Son of God ? I personally hold that all of these are valid interpretations. (This forum does not permit the in depth study this would require to support or explain each of these views). Jesus, at this point, begins to speak of His coming death. It is a 'must' in the plan and will of God 21. Note: After a commendation for a confession of faith, Peter is rebuked by the Lord for having mere human viewpoint 23. Jesus states that following Him involves a cross and the giving up of one's life in service to the Lord 24-28. The Lord will one day come (called here 'the Son of Man') and will reward each person accordingly. This refers to the second coming of Christ (see: Revelation 22:12). Note: This is when His kingdom will come in all its fullness and glory ! May be the ones who will not see death, until they see His coming kingdom, refer to the three disciples who were with Jesus as He was 'transfigured' on the mount (17:1-13).

Matthew 9
Jesus heals a paralytic in response to the faith of others 1-2. Jesus forgives him his sins 2b, which is immediately the cause of consternation on the part of the Scribes who think such a declaration is blasphemy 3. Jesus knows their (and our) thoughts and responds with a challenging question of which is easier healing of a physical condition or the forgiveness of sins 4-5 ? Both are divine prerogatives and Jesus, by virtue of being 'the Son of Man' (Divine) has authority to forgive sins and to heal 6. He does both, to their amazement 7-8. Matthew (this Gospel's writer) is called by the Lord to be His follower. Being a tax collector, he was despised and corrupt 9. All his friends were of the same kind and yet Jesus eats with them 10. The Lord corrects the 'religious' for their lack of understanding of the ways of God 11-12. Note: Jesus calls sinners to Himself that they may be forgiven and saved ! A question of fasting comes to Jesus 14. There is a time for fasting and a place for that 15. The new patch and new wine both have an application to the Gospel and the age of Grace that was being inaugurated by Jesus advent and ministry 16-17. Another way to say this would be that they could not put the Old Testament system and way of life into the new era of the church. Jesus again does the miraculous by raising the dead 18-26. He also heals two who were blind 27-31. Note: In both these instances, the Lord responds to faith 22,28-29. Do you have genuine and saving faith in Jesus Christ ? Jesus even casts out demons 32-34. Note: I wonder how much of the suffering comes because demons are active in someone's life ? Jesus alone can deliver one from such enslavement and bondage. Jesus ministry of preaching, teaching, and healing call for us to pray for more workers (to serve the Lord of the Harvest) 35-38. Note: Do you pray for God to raise up more workers in His kingdom and field ?

Matthew 10
Jesus calls His twelve disciples 1-4, whom He commissions, empowers, and instructs in this chapter 5-42. They were to go to the lost of the house of Israel (the Jews) and give them freely the words of Christ and the gifts of healing in His name 5-11. They were to live by what is given to them 12-15. They would be as sheep among wolves and would face opposition and hostility 16-23. They would be a testimony to the Lord in these circumstances 19-20. They would be treated just as Jesus was treated 24-25. They were not to fear 'them' but the fear the Lord 26-28. The Lord knows those who are His own and will see them through to glory, yet in this life there will be difficulty and hostility to the Lord and His message (even in the same house) 29-36. Note: Should we at all be surprised that the world hates Christians and opposes what we are and Who we stand for ? Following Jesus is more important that any earthly relationship and it involves a cross for each one to take up and bear 37-39. Note: This does not sound 'comforting' to one who used to having it easy. How one responds to a follower of Jesus, reflects (in part) how they would respond to the Lord 40. The Lord promises rewards to those who follow and serve Him 41-42. Note: There is incentive for the believer who follows Christ. It is reward that is not necessarily in this life !

Matthew 11
John, the Baptist is put in prison and he sends to Jesus questioning if He is really the One who they were to look for 1-3. Note: This is the same John who affirms that He (Jesus) is indeed the very Son of God (see: John 1:15,29-34). Even a godly person can have times of doubt ! Jesus does not rebuke john for his questions or his apparent wavering faith but reassures him 4-6. Jesus then takes and extended time to express the ministry of John and the great man of God that he was 7-15. In fact, John fulfilled the role of Elijah, who was to come (at least in part) 13-15 (see: Malachi 4:5-6). The people did not respond to the ministry of John as they should have 16-17. This was due in part to their wrong expectations and lack of spiritual perception 18-19. The unrepentant cities, who had the benefit of hearing the first hand and seeing His miracles, would suffer greater judgment than the wicked cities of old 20-24. Note: This under girds the principle that to whom much is given, much will be required. What do you do with all the spiritual advantages God has given you in life ? What about those given to us as a nation ? Jesus promises spiritual rest and relief from the burdens of life to those who are weary and who come to Him 25-30. Note: This is an invitation without any restriction - come to Jesus ! He will receive and restore you to that which God intended for your life (for your good and His glory).

Matthew 12
This is a tremendous chapter, for in it Jesus reveals His deity by His words and actions. He is rebuked for 'working' on the Sabbath 1-2. However, He is greater than the temple and the Lord of the Sabbath 3-8. The Lord is not wanting strict, rigid adherence to the Law, but mercy over sacrifice 7. A man with a shriveled hand (a true need) is healed by Jesus. He heals on the Sabbath, a day for doing good 12. The hardness of the heart is seen by their response want Jesus killed 14. Jesus heals many more and is thus the fulfillment of the words of the prophet concerning the Lord's servant who was foretold to be coming 15-21. Note: Meditate on all these words which describe 'Messiah's ministry' and you see none other than the Lord Jesus Christ ! Jesus casts out demons which the Pharisees think is the work of 'Beelzebub' or Satan 24-26. Jesus reply shows their faulty think and failure to recognize the Spirit of God at work 25-30. The seriousness of their 'charge' comes close to an unforgivable sin (against the Holy Spirit) 30-32. Note: The context of the unforgivable sin is one in which there is a total and complete rejection of Jesus Christ for who He is revealed to be (by His words and actions). Some suggest that this sin can not be committed by anyone today, for it was unique to the privileged people who saw and heard Jesus first hand. I would suggest that this sin is committed by all persons who exit this life having refused and rejected Christ to the very end. They enter eternity condemned and lost without hope of any possibility of forgiveness or salvation. Jesus calls them to good fruit. To have good fruit, one must have a good heart out of which it grows 33-37. Only God can give one a new heart that produces such fruit. This is taught elsewhere in the Scriptures (Ezekiel 36:25-27). Those to whom Jesus spoke (and us as well) are warned that all will give account for what we have spoken 36-37. Note: Do my words match my actions or do I have profession without possession of the Lord ? The Scribes and Pharisees want a 'sign' to prove Jesus authority 38. He says they are wicked for asking for such (where have they been up to this point ?) 39. Jonah was a sign that would teach them about Christ 39-40. Note: Jonah was a real person and Jesus affirms the truth and reality of what the OT book of Jonah records ! Jesus declares that HE is the One who is greater than Jonah and Solomon 41-42. Wow ! Note: Let what He is saying sink into your ears and hearts. Believe on Him, the Lord of heaven and earth that you might be saved ! The illustration of the evil spirit that leaves and returns, making one worse in the end applies to all who clean themselves up (by being religious) but have no real transformation, through a saving faith in the Lord Jesus Christ  43-45. In the end they will be lost and the last state will be the worst of all (see: Matthew 5:30, 7:23, 10:28).